Mechanical characterisation of biological cells and biofunctional interfaces

Biological cells sense the mechanical properties of their surrounding environment and adapt their shape and function. Moreover, the mechanical properties of cells and tissues tightly correlate with their functions. The main thrust of this thesis is to quantitatively determine the mechanical proper- ties of cells and cell-repellent coating materials by the combination of unique experimental techniques by covering different spatio-temporal domains. In chapter 7 the viscoelastic shape relaxation of malaria-infected human red blood cells with a di- ameter of about 10 μm was monitored by the combination of a custom-designed microfluidic device and a high-speed imaging platform under collaboration with Prof. Dr. M. Lanzer (Center for Inte- grative Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University). Using the binarised cell rims extracted from the live-cell images, the shape recovery of red blood cells upon the ejection from the narrow constriction was monitored with a time resolution of 30 μs per frame. The mechanical responses of the malaria- infected red blood cells were monitored through the entire life cycle of parasites. The systematic comparison of the red blood cells with genetically mutated hemoglobin (hemoglobinopathie) with normal red blood cells indicated a less pronounced change in the relaxation time in hemoglobinopa- thetic red blood cells, which might correlate with delayed protein synthesis in hemoglobinopathetic red blood cells. In chapter 8 the film elastic properties and internal structures of the monolayers of oligoethylene glycol-based dendrons for the coating of iron-oxide nanoparticles were studied by the combination of high energy X-ray reflectivity and high-speed atomic force microscopy. To achieve higher film sta- bility in blood stream, the dendrons, synthesized by the group of Prof. Dr. Felder-Flesch (Institut de Physique et Chimie des Materiaux , Univ. Strasbourg) were coupled to the oxide surface via two phosphonate groups. The interfacial force measurements were performed on planar silicon dioxide surfaces instead of iron oxide nanoparticle surfaces due to the technical limitations. The internal structures of dendron monolayers in water were probed by high energy specular X-ray reflectivity. An analytical model considering the transition from a soft layer to a hard layer was introduced to cal- culate the Young’s modulus from nm-thick monolayers. To gain deeper insights into the interfacial force interactions, the coarse-scale surface force-distance curves were measured by a cell-sized particle attached to an atomic force cantilever cantilever, while the size and distribution of nanoscopic pin- ning centers were monitored by fast force mapping with a pixel rate of 200 Hz. The capability of the dendron coating to prevent the platelet aggregation was assessed by observing the non-specific adhesion of human platelets on dendron-coated substrates. The dynamic uptake and localisation of fluorescent dendron-coated iron oxide nanoparticles into hypoxic mouse breast cancer cells was tracked using fluorescence imaging and cryo-transmission electron microscopy. Together, these meth- ods revealed a continuous uptake of iron oxide nanoparticles into in intracellular compartments such as endosomes via endocytosis. The iron oxide particles were found either agglomerated or as single nanoparticles

Methodology of certified delivery cross docking and imported stock "Buena fe" retail sector

Existen en la actualidad varios sistemas de control y metodologías que buscan el control de los inventarios en los CEDIS (Centros de distribución), algunos con mayor efectividad que otros, con el siguiente articulo busco explicar cómo la Metodología de Entrega Certificada Cross Docking y Stock De Importado “Buena Fe” Sector RETAIL, en aplicación al CEDIS Funza de Sodimac Corona, ha obtenido resultados satisfactorios al generar un control real a las novedades que años anteriores reportaban las tiendas, es de destacar que por sí sola la Metodología indica un procedimiento a seguir pero el valor real de su aplicación está en generar planes de acción que generen valor al ser implementados en el corto plazo. Realizare una descripción de escenario de años anteriores de las novedades reportadas por la tiendas y comparare estos con los resultados obtenidos con la aplicación de la Metodología. El éxito de esta se centra en la aplicación estricta de los proceso y auditoria constante de las áreas responsables de control de inventarios.There are currently several control systems and methodologies that seek to control inventories in the CEDIS (Distribution Centers), some with more effectiveness than others, with the following article I am looking to explain how the Certified Delivery Methodology Cross Docking and Stock De Imported "Good Faith" Sector RETAIL, in application to the CEDIS Funza of Sodimac Corona, has obtained satisfactory results to generate a real control to the novelties that previous years the stores reported, it is to emphasize that by itself the Methodology indicates a procedure to But the real value of its implementation is to generate action plans that generate value when implemented in the short term. I will make a scenario description of previous years of the news reported by the stores and compare these with the results obtained with the application of the Methodology. The success of this one focuses on the strict application of the processes and constant audit of the areas responsible for inventory control

A simple novel device for air sampling by electrokinetic capture.

BackgroundA variety of different sampling devices are currently available to acquire air samples for the study of the microbiome of the air. All have a degree of technical complexity that limits deployment. Here, we evaluate the use of a novel device, which has no technical complexity and is easily deployable.ResultsAn air-cleaning device powered by electrokinetic propulsion has been adapted to provide a universal method for collecting samples of the aerobiome. Plasma-induced charge in aerosol particles causes propulsion to and capture on a counter-electrode. The flow of ions creates net bulk airflow, with no moving parts. A device and electrode assembly have been re-designed from air-cleaning technology to provide an average air flow of 120 lpm. This compares favorably with current air sampling devices based on physical air pumping. Capture efficiency was determined by comparison with a 0.4 μm polycarbonate reference filter, using fluorescent latex particles in a controlled environment chamber. Performance was compared with the same reference filter method in field studies in three different environments. For 23 common fungal species by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), there was 100 % sensitivity and apparent specificity of 87 %, with the reference filter taken as "gold standard." Further, bacterial analysis of 16S RNA by amplicon sequencing showed equivalent community structure captured by the electrokinetic device and the reference filter. Unlike other current air sampling methods, capture of particles is determined by charge and so is not controlled by particle mass. We analyzed particle sizes captured from air, without regard to specific analyte by atomic force microscopy: particles at least as low as 100 nM could be captured from ambient air.ConclusionsThis work introduces a very simple plug-and-play device that can sample air at a high-volume flow rate with no moving parts and collect particles down to the sub-micron range. The performance of the device is substantially equivalent to capture by pumping through a filter for microbiome analysis by quantitative PCR and amplicon sequencing

Towards enriching robot's actions with affective movements

Emotions are considered by many researchers as beneficial in social robotics, since they can enrich human-robot interaction with non-verbal clues. Although there have been works that have studied emotion expression in robotics, the mechanisms created to project emotion are usually highly integrated in each solution. This limits the possibility to develop a general approach. This paper presents a system that has been initially created for a theatrical robot to enrich its actions with emotions, but it has been designed to be adaptable to other fields. The emotional enrichment system has been envisioned to be used with any action decision system

Robots showing emotions: Emotion representation with no bio-inspired body

Robots should be able to represent emotional states to interact with people as social agents. There are cases where robots cannot have bio-inspired bodies, for instance because the task to be performed requires a special shape, as in the case of home cleaners, package carriers, and many others. In these cases, emotional states have to be represented by exploiting movements of the body. In this paper, we present a set of case studies aimed at identifying specific values to convey emotion trough changes in linear and angular velocities, which might be applied on different non-anthropomorphic bodies. This work originates from some of the most considered emotion expression theories and from emotion coding for people. We show that people can recognize some emotional expressions better than others, and we propose some directions to express emotions exploiting only bio-neutral movement

A Reactive Competitive Emotion Selection System

We present a reactive emotion selection system designed to be used in a robot that needs to respond autonomously to relevant events. A variety of emotion selection models based on “cognitive appraisal” theories exist, but the complexity of the concepts used by most of these models limits their use in robotics. Robots have physical constrains that condition their understanding of the world and limit their capacity to built the complex concepts needed for such models. The system presented in this paper was conceived to respond to “disturbances” detected in the environment through a stream of images, and use this low-level information to update emotion intensities. They are increased when specific patterns, based on Tomkins’ affect theory, are detected or reduced when it is not. This system could also be used as part of (or as first step in the incremental design of) a more cognitively complex emotional system for autonomous robots

Solución de dos escenarios presentes en entornos corporativos bajo el uso de tecnología CISCO

En este documento se presentan los Escenarios 1 y 2 del desarrollo de una Red propuesta mediante la información básica de algunos escenarios, para lo cual se utiliza la herramienta de simulación desarrollada por Cisco Packet Tracer, esta herramienta hace posible la simulación del enrutamiento a través de la creación de redes, utilizando equipos de networking para el bosquejo de la presentación final. Se crean topologías utilizando equipos electrónicos de telecomunicaciones, y se configuran dichos dispositivos para el desarrollo puntual de la actividad. Para ello se hace uso del conocimiento en diseño de redes, dando solución a los requerimientos solicitados y se describe el paso a paso de la configuración de los diferentes elementos. La herramienta de simulación utilizada permite sacar el máximo beneficio de la red propuesta realizando subnetting y encriptación de redes LAN facilitando la aproximación a un conocimiento experto para lograr una certificación CCNP. Y finalmente, en el segundo escenario mediante el uso de conexiones IPv4 e IPv6 donde se realiza la configuración de estos equipos mediante comandos para el uso de protocolos, seguridad, direcciones dinámicas entre otros.This document presents Scenarios 1 and 2 of the development of a proposed Network through the basic information of some scenarios, for which the simulation tool developed by Cisco Packet Tracer, this tool makes it possible to simulate routing through networking, using networking teams for the final presentation outline. Are crated topologies using electronic telecommunications equipment, and are configured said devices for the punctual development of the activity. For this, use is made knowledge in network design, providing solutions to the requirements requested and describes the step-by-step configuration of the different items. The simulation tool used makes it possible to get the most benefit of the proposed network by performing subnetting and encryption of LAN networks facilitating the approximation to expert knowledge to achieve certification CCNP. And finally, in the second scenario by using IPv4 connections and IPv6 where the configuration of these equipments is carried out by means of commands for the use of protocols, security, dynamic addresses among others

Principio de especialidad y modificaciones físicas de las secciones inmobiliarias en el Tribunal Registral de Lima

La presente investigación parte del Problema General: ¿De qué manera el Principio de especialidad registral influye en las modificaciones físicas de las secciones inmobiliarias en el Tribunal Registral de Lima?; siendo el Objetivo General: Determinar de qué manera el Principio de especialidad registral influye en las modificaciones físicas de las secciones inmobiliarias en el Tribunal Registral de Lima; significándose como Hipótesis general: El Principio de especialidad influye significativamente en las modificaciones físicas de las secciones inmobiliarias en el Tribunal Registral de Lima. La Investigación se ubica dentro del Enfoque Cuantitativo, del Tipo Básica; en el Nivel Explicativo; a partir del cual se utilizó para contrastar la Hipótesis, el Método general inductivo, deductivo, análisis y síntesis; el Método Especifico el explicativo; como Método Particular se ha considerado al Exegético y al Dogmático Jurídico, con Diseño No experimental, con una Población de 157 resoluciones del Tribunal de Registral de Lima, cuya Muestra es de 111 resoluciones del Tribunal de Registral de Lima, descrita por el Muestreo probabilístico como aleatorio simple. Para la recolección de la información se utilizó como Técnica a la Observación y como Instrumento a la Ficha de Observación. Los resultados nos han evidenciado una influencia significativa entre el Principio de especialidad registral en las modificaciones físicas de las secciones inmobiliarias en el Tribunal Registral de Lima, 2019, afirmación determinada para un 95% de nivel de confianza, sobre las características fundamentadas por la acumulación, independización y la ejecución de obras categorizadas por la observación de sus elementos

Influence of recycled aggregate quality from precast rejection on mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete

The use of coarse aggregates from crushing pre-existing concrete in the manufacturing of new concrete needs experimental results to validate its influence in the properties of the new concrete elements. In the present study we assessed the impact of using different proportions of replacement up to 100% of natural aggregates with recycled aggregates in the concrete properties; moreover, the effect of pre-treatments of pre-saturation, washing and the aggregates’ source (from precast concrete rejected pieces and construction and demolition waste) was analysed. The best results were obtained with dry and washed recycled aggregates, the compressive strength increment was between the 8 and 17% compared to conventional concrete. Results also pointed out that recycled aggregate that exclusively comes from precast concrete pieces lead to a better concrete mechanical characteristic than the aggregates which origin is construction and demolition waste. In addition, a clear relationship between the percentage of recycled aggregate substitution and the workability and mechanical performance of self-compacting concrete is observed. The results presented in this paper allow to state that precast concrete factories can recycle their rejected elements into recycled coarse aggregates for manufacturing new products, this will allow to protect the environment by reducing the need of raw material consumption and the C&DW landfill